How to Properly Select And Wear A Safety Vest?

Author: Jessica

Aug. 25, 2025

Security & Protection

How to Properly Select And Wear A Safety Vest?

When it comes to workplace safety, it's essential to take all the precautions necessary to prevent injuries. One key piece of safety gear is a safety vest.

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But how do you select the right one for your needs? And once you've got it, how do you wear it properly? This post will answer those questions and more. Let's discuss it in detail. 

How To Choose A Safety Vest?

When choosing a safety vest, there are several factors you need to take into account to ensure that you're getting the best possible product for your needs. These include the material the vest is made from, the amount of reflective required, the type of closure, and the number of pockets.

Material

The material of the safety vest is crucial because it will determine how visible you are. If you need to be highly visible, a mesh vest is a good option. However, if you don't need to be visible, then a solid vest will do just fine.

Types Of Closure

The type of closure is also essential. Velcro is a good option if you need to be able to put the vest on quickly. However, if you need a more secure closure, a button or zipper is better.

Choosing by ANSI Type

Consider ANSI classes when looking for high-visibility safety vests. They include:

ANSI/ISEA 107-

American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety Apparel and Accessories – ANSI/ISEA 107- establishes performance requirements, test methods, and labeling requirements for high-visibility and reflective safety apparel and accessories used in occupational settings under conditions where workers are exposed to low-visibility conditions. There are three class levels of garments defined within ANSI/ISEA 107-. The level of the garment is based on the amount of background material and retroreflective material.

Non-ANSI Safety Vests

Non-ANSI compliant vests do not adhere to specific size, shape, or reflectivity standards. These vests can be made from various materials, including polyester, cotton, or nylon. While they may have some reflective tape, they will not have enough to comply with ANSI standards. Non-ANSI safety vests are not recommended for use in any work environment.

Class 2 Safety Vests

Class 2 safety vests are required when workers are exposed to medium-speed traffic. These vests must have 775 square inches of background material and 201 square inches of retroreflective material. The background material must be fluorescent yellow-green, fluorescent orange-red, or white. The reflective vests' material must be white, yellow, or red.

Class 3 Safety Vests

Class 3 safety vests are required when workers are exposed to high-speed traffic traveling over 50 mph. These vests must have 1,240 square inches of background material and 310 square inches of retroreflective material.

Public Safety Vests

Public safety vests are required when workers are exposed to traffic traveling over 50 mph and the worker is performing a task involving both hands. These vests must have 1,240 square inches of background material and 310 square inches of retroreflective material.

Type O (“Off-Road”) – Occupational HVSA for Non-Roadway Use

Type O occupational high-visibility clothing is intended to provide the wearer with enhanced visibility in all lighting conditions when viewed by a person operating a motor vehicle on a roadway. This type of apparel is not intended to provide the wearer with visibility when viewed by someone using off-road vehicles such as agricultural equipment, construction equipment, or other industrial vehicles.

Performance Class 1 (Type O)

Performance Class 1 (Type O) is the minimum level of protection required when working in environments where struck-by hazards are not approaching at roadway speeds. This class provides adequate high-visibility material to differentiate the wearer from non-complex work environments. In these scenarios, operative detection and identification distances can be shorter than in other situations without compromising safety.

Performance Class 2 (Type R or P)

Performance Class 2 includes more high-visibility vests, making them easier to see at greater distances. They also provide better detection and identification than Performance Class 1 vests.

Performance Class 3 (Type R or P)

Class 3 vests are the highest level of protection as they provide the most visibility. These vests must have background and combined-performance materials on both the pant legs and sleeves. This class is ideal for workers exposed to complex backgrounds or who need to be visible from all angles, such as construction workers, utility workers, and flaggers.

FR Vests (Flame Resistant) And Self Extinguishing Vests

FR vests are flame resistant and self-extinguishing. They meet ASTM standards and are ideal for any worker requiring high visibility and protection from flames, sparks, arc flashes, and other possible flammable situations. FR vests are commonly used by utility workers, welders, public safety personnel, oil field workers, first responders, petrochemical refinery workers, and shipyard workers. 

Number Of Pockets

Finally, you need to consider the number of pockets. If you need to carry a lot of gear with you, more pockets are better. However, if you don't need to carry much, fewer pockets will do just fine. Keep these factors in mind when choosing a safety vest, and you'll be sure to get the best possible product for your needs.

About Wearing Safety Vests

Wearing a safety vest is essential for many occupations. Construction workers, utility workers, and others who work around vehicles or in low-visibility conditions need to be visible to prevent accidents. There are a few different ways to wear a safety vest to be effective.

  • The most common way to wear a safety vest is by putting it on over the head and securing it at the waist. This method ensures that the vest covers the entire torso and that it will not come off easily. It also allows for easy removal if necessary.
  • Another way to wear a safety vest is by putting it on under the arms. This method is often used by law enforcement and security personnel who need to be able to remove their vest if necessary quickly. It also keeps the vest from riding up and exposing the wearer to potential hazards.

No matter how you wear your safety vest, it is essential to make sure that it is visible. A vest that is not visible is not going to do its job. Choose a bright color or a reflective material for your safety vest so that others can see you. Wearing a safety vest is an important part of keeping yourself safe. Make sure that you are wearing yours correctly to be seen and stay protected. 

FAQs about safety vests

What Is The Purpose Of A Safety Vest?

The purpose of a safety vest is to increase the person's visibility to be easily seen by others. This is especially important in work environments where there might be a lot of activity or movement or in low-light conditions.

Who Needs To Wear Safety Vest?

There are no hard and fast rules about who needs to wear a safety vest, but in general, they are most commonly worn by construction workers, police officers, emergency personnel, firefighters, and other first responders. In some cases, employers may require all employees to wear safety vests while on the job site.

What Do Colors Of Safety Vests Mean?

Safety vests are available in various colors, and each color has a different meaning. For example, orange is typically used for construction workers, while green is often used for landscapers. Yellow and white are the most common colors for police officers, and red is often used for firefighters.

How Do I Choose The Right Size Safety Vest?

When choosing a safety vest, it is crucial to select the right size. Vests that are too big or too small can be uncomfortable to wear and impede movement. To find the right size, measure around the chest and waist and consult the sizing chart on the product page.

The Difference Between Class 1, 2, and 3 Safety Vests | PowerPak

*Disclaimer*
The information contained on this page is for promotional and informational purposes only. All equipment should be used by trained professional tradesmen who have been trained how to use the equipment described on this page, and understand the risks of their work. PowerPak assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in the use or misuse of any product purchased. In no event shall PowerPak be liable for any direct, special, indirect, consequential, or incidental damages or any damages whatsoever, whether in an action of contract, negligence or other torts, arising out of or in connection with the use of this information or the contents of this page. PowerPak reserves the right to make additions, deletions, or modifications to the contents on this page at any time without prior notice.


If you know what you need, safety vests are very straightforward, but without all the information, you’ll pay for the wrong vest. They may seem all the same, but Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and Department of Transportation (DOT) enforcement will tell you otherwise. ANSI (American National Standards Institute) breaks down safety vests into types and classes to help narrow your search (ANSI/ISEA 107-). PowerPak has the vests you need for your jobsites. Check out our selection of safety vests.

Understanding Safety Vests

There are three different classes of safety vest, each geared towards specific situations. As with almost every safety situation, there is nothing wrong with opting for a vest that is a higher class than the minimum requirements for the work zone.

What Are the Types of Safety Vests?

Safety vests are categorized into 3 “types,” and each type splits into 3 “classes.”

  • Type O – Safety vests intended for Non-Roadway occupational use. Type O only has class 1 safety vests.
  • Type R - Safety vests intended for Roadway occupational use. Type R has both class 2 and class 3 safety vests.
  • Type P – Safety vests for law enforcement and first responders. Type P has both class 2 and class 3 safety vests.
Type O – Safety vests intended for Non-Roadway occupational use. Type O only has class 1 safety vests.Type R - Safety vests intended for Roadway occupational use. Type R has both class 2 and class 3 safety vests.Type P – Safety vests for law enforcement and first responders. Type P has both class 2 and class 3 safety vests.

For this article, we will mainly focus on Type O and Type R safety vests. This “type and class” system is not just for vests but for all HVSA (High Visibility Safety Apparel) such as hi-vis pants, hi-vis jumpsuits, jackets, etc.

If you want to learn more, please visit our website High Visibility Vest.

ANSI updated its documentation defining all things safety apparel in (ANSI/ISEA 107-)

What is a Class 1 Safety Vest?

This one is simple. Class 1 is the only HVSA Type O safety vest and has the lowest required amount of high-visibility material.

Class 1 Safety Vests are for the lowest-risk areas. It could be situations where you are working a safe distance from the active roadway, but there is still potential for an incident. They have a safety yellow or safety orange background, and a minimum of 155 square inches of reflective strips. They are lightweight and sleeveless.

Class 1 safety vests are for work conditions without vehicles traveling at highway speeds. It could be where traffic is traveling no faster than 25 miles per hour. The ANSI documentation also states that the background of the worksite should not be visually complex.

Work conditions that may require class 1 vests include:

  • Parking lot booth attendants
  • Mineworkers
  • Oil, gas, and extraction and refinery workers
  • Warehouse workers
  • Individuals retrieving shopping carts in parking lots

Class 1 (Type O) safety vests are required to have a minimum of the following:

  • 217 sq in. (.14 sq m) of background material
  • 155 sq in. (.10 sq m) of Retroreflective or Combined- Performance Materials
  • Minimum of 1 in (25mm) width for Retroreflective Materials

What is a Class 2 Safety Vest?

Class 2 (Type R) HSVA safety vests have bumped up requirements. Like Class 1 (Type O), these vests are usually sleeveless.

The industry rule of thumb is to require these vests on worksites where traffic flow is 25mph – 50mph. These safety vests are more noticeable during the day or night at greater distances when compared to class 1 safety vests.

There aren’t explicit guidelines on who should be wearing class 2 vests, but examples for type R (Class 2 and Class 3) vests include:

  • School crossing guards
  • Public transit workers/railway workers
  • Toll operators
  • Road construction under 50mph
  • Airport tarmac workers
  • Surveyors

Class 2 Safety Vests are larger than Class 1 vests, Class 2 vests incorporate a specific amount of background material into the mix. To be a Class 2 vest, it must have no less than 775 square inches of safety yellow or safety orange background material to it. There must also be no less than 201 square inches of reflective (Reflective or Combined-Performance Materials) striping across the vest. These are required for roadway and traffic zones where traffic is moving no faster than 50 miles per hour.

Class 2 (Type R) safety vests are required to have a minimum of the following:

  • 775 sq in. (.50 sq m) of background material and a minimum of 540 sq in. (.35 sq m) for small vests. 
  • 201 sq in. (.13 sq m) of Retroreflective or Combined- Performance Materials.
  • Minimum of 1.38 in (35mm) width for Retroreflective Materials and 1 in (25mm) width for Retroreflective Materials for split trim design. We will dive into split trim later in this article.

PowerPak offers many options for those in need of class 2 safety vests.

What is a Class 3 Safety Vest?

Class 3 (Type R) HSVA safety vests have the highest material requirements compared to Class 1 and 2. The industry rule of thumb is worksites with traffic traveling over 50 mph should require Class 3 safety vests.

Class 3 Safety Vests are for the most hazardous environments where visibility is paramount. Class 3 vest provides the most background material and the most retroreflective striping. In many cases, these vests have sleeves. These vests must have, at minimum, 1,240 square inches of safety yellow or safety orange background, and at least 310 square inches of reflective striping.

Workers that may be required to wear Class 3 vests include:

  • Tow truck operators 
  • Incident site investigators 
  • Road construction workers (50mph+) 
  • Roadside assistance 
  • Utility workers 

Class 3 (Type R) safety vests are required to have a minimum of the following:

  • sq in. (.80 sq m) of background material and a minimum of sq in. (.65 sq m) for size small vests.
  • 310 sq in. (.20 sq m) of Retroreflective or Combined- Performance Materials.
  • Minimum of 2 in (50mm) width for Retroreflective Materials and 1 in (25mm) width for Retroreflective Materials for split trim design.

If you’re in need of class 3 safety vests quickly, PowerPak offers a wide range of options.

Safety Vest Materials

As mentioned, all ANSI classes of safety vests must have minimum amounts of TWO types of material. Background material and retroreflective material/combined performance material.

Background material and retroreflective material/combined performance material. Background material is fluorescent colored fabric, usually safety orange or safety yellow. It’s the brightly colored mesh or fabric you think of when thinking of safety vests. This material is highly visible during the day.

Retro reflective material is the striping you see on safety vests. People often confuse the term retro reflective and reflective, but they are different, and they perform differently.

When light hits something reflective, like a mirror, at an angle, that light bounces off in the opposite direction. Retroreflective reflects the light directly back towards the light source. This material is highly visible at night with direction lights, such as car headlights. You’ll often find retroreflective tape in silver, white, and gray.

All these materials are required to meet various ANSI standards.

A vest may have Combined-Performance material in place of retroreflective tape. Combined-performance materials/tapes have retroreflective properties and meet the fluorescent requirements of background material. Some vests have combined-performance striping that matches the background material giving the best daytime visibility without sacrificing nighttime visibility.

Vest Label

Your safety vest label should list out most of the information that you need, including:
  • Type
  • Class
  • FR rating and test method
  • ARC – rating if applicable
  • Size
  • ANSI standards that the vest meets. 
  • Care instructions. Many vests have a maximum number of times they can be washed.

What Do Safety Vest Colors Mean?

Although OSHA has no specific guidelines on vest colors, some colors work better in certain environments than others. Orange vests are ideal for settings with a lot of vegetation, a blue sky or yellow sunlight. Orange-colored vests also work well in wide-open areas, particularly in the daytime.

Yellow safety vests are perfect for night work when sunlight is minimal because fluorescent yellow is more noticeable from a distance against a dark background. Yellow vests are common among construction workers, emergency responders and utility repair people.

The general rule of thumb is to choose the most noticeable color for each specific environment. Learn more about safety vest colors here.

How Much Do Safety Vests Cost?

Depending on the supplier, vests can range anywhere from a few dollars for simple designs to several hundred dollars for products with reflective tape and multiple features. Because they have the fewest amount of safety material, Class 1 vests are typically the least expensive. As the material requirements increase, the prices generally become more expensive.

Flame and tear-resistant vests usually cost much more than those without extra durability features.

Optional Vest Features

Safety vests of any class or type can come with several features, and many worksites will require some of these options. Flame-Resistance: ANSI offers manufacturers the option of six different flame-resistant standards for rating safety vests. The test method is on the vest label.

  • Arc Rated: Personal protective equipment (PPE) with an Arc rating will protect workers from electrical arc flashes. The safety vest alone will not provide adequate protection. A complete set of Arc Rated PPE is required for work conditions where electrical hazards are a threat.
  • Water Resistant and Waterproof: Clearly, these options are for wet work conditions. In addition to these features, workers can opt for a vest that is both waterproof and breathable (vapor permeability). All these features must meet specific American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) standards.
  • Tear Resistance: The background material of your safety vest can be rated tear-resistant if it meets specific ASTM standards. This feature isn’t often required.
  • Pockets: Certain trades may require vests with specialized pockets to hold specific items or transparent pockets to display identification or credentials. Pockets also come with several features, such as dual pockets for separating items or grommet holes to dispense flagging tape.
  • Identifiers: Worksites may require workers to wear vests with printed identifiers, lettering, or logos. Any graphics of non-contrasting material cannot take up more than 72 sq in. (465 sq cm) of space on the background material of the vest. Graphics of contrasting material cannot take up more than 22 sq in. (142 sq cm) of space on the background material of the vest.
  • Hook and Loop Break-Away: If a vest gets caught in machinery, this feature will allow the vest to break off the worker rather than pull them into the machinery. Hook and loop strips are placed on the sides and shoulders for an easy breakaway when needed.
  • Mic Tabs: Vests may feature straps on the shoulders to clipping radios or shoulder speaker mics.
  • D Ring Opening: Nothing should be worn over a safety vest, including a fall protection harness. A safety vest for fall protection features a cut-out on the back to allow an unobstructed D ring.

Specialty Vests

Several types of specialty safety vests include:

  • Modacrylic: Years ago, you could not buy a lightweight, durable safety vest that was flame and chemical resistant. Modacrylic is the new type of fabric used as background material instead of a polyester safety vest. As usual new means, it costs more.
  • Surveyor Safety Vest: Available in Class 2 and Class 3, these vests are loaded with features. Zippers, mic tabs, grommets for tools, and many specialized pockets, just to name a few features.
  • MTA – NYCTA Safety Vest: These vests are required for Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) and New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA) workers. They have a few key features, but the most notable is the retroreflective tape. This tape must meet stringent standards set by the NYCTA.

Understanding the classes is one thing, but you’ll also need to consider the specifics of your worksite when it comes to choosing the best class-rated vest for your team members. Remember, there’s nothing wrong with going with a Class 3 Vest for every site – greater visibility is never a bad thing.

Consider the general visibility at your work site, how far from high-speed traffic your workers will be, and if there are physical barriers between the workers and traffic. A Class 2 vest is perfect for utility operations and volunteer work, but not good enough for flagging operations. A Class 3 vest is necessary for incident response, particularly at night, but is overkill for a landscaper. A Class 1 vest is never good enough to be worn within the right-of-way of a high-speed highway.

You should also opt for color that differentiates the worker from the environment. Safety yellow isn’t going to stick out against a bright yellow or light green environment, just as safety orange won’t stick out as much in a sand or desert environment.

One thing to note, as with all personal protective equipment, proper maintenance is important. The reflective qualities of the vests can diminish over time — sun can fade them, they can get dirty, and the reflective material can rub away through heavy use. Most daily-wear vests have a service life of six months or so, while moderate use could last up to three years. If a vest is torn, dirty, soiled, worn or faded, it must be replaced before going on-site.

Beyond the Vest - Work Zone Visbility Tips

While the appropriate class-rated vests are a great start for visibility on the work site, and cover the individual, there is so much more you can do to protect your workers in traffic-heavy work zones.

If you are looking for more details, kindly visit Reflective Safety Clothing.

  1. Create site plans and share them with your workers. Internal and external traffic -control plans, developed to take into account the conditions of every worksite and the traffic and workers, should be created and followed.
  2. Make sure the area is well lit, at day as well as at night. Install temporary lighting, and remember that even during the day, shadows can hide your workers, so they need to be illuminated.
  3. Utilize appropriate channeling devices to direct traffic away from your workers and around work spaces. Cones, drums, barricades, pavement markings, and portable signage all serve as warnings and alerts for drivers.
  4. Consider intrusion devices that can sound alarms when toppled by equipment and vehicles deviating from traffic corridors. They can alert workers that may not be able to see the intrusion. 
  5. Educate your workers on how to act and react within your work zone, dangers to look for, and general or site-specific procedures. This includes teaching them about operator blind spots for construction equipment, how to act around heavy equipment, and how to respond if something goes wrong.

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