Jun. 16, 2025
Flame retardant fabric refers to a type of fabric made from flame retardant fibers or treated with flame retardant chemicals to reduce its flammability to varying degrees. It significantly delays the burning rate during combustion and can quickly self-extinguish after leaving the source of the fire, releasing minimal toxic smoke. Flame retardant fabrics can also have additional functions, such as anti-static, oil-resistant, water-resistant, and UV-resistant. When a fabric has two or more of these functions, it is called a multi-functional flame retardant fabric.
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1. Good safety performance – the fiber does not melt and emits low smoke when exposed to fire.
2. Inherent (permanent) flame retardant effect – washing and friction do not affect the flame retardant performance.
3.Environmental protection is ensured by using natural fibers as carriers, which can naturally degrade, meeting environmental requirements.
4. Excellent flame retardant and fire-resistant properties – demonstrating good performance in preventing flame spread, smoke release, melting resistance, and durability.
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5.Good thermal insulation and anti-static properties provide comprehensive thermal protection.
6. Natural Fiber Characteristics – The fabric possesses the absorbent and breathable properties of natural fibers, along with a soft, comfortable, and brightly colored texture.
The so-called basic test methods refer to the techniques used to measure the combustion breadth (charred area and damage length), sustained burning time, and afterglow time of materials. A specific specimen size is ignited with a designated ignition source for 12 seconds in a specified combustion chamber. After removing the ignition source, the sustained burning time and afterglow time of the specimen are measured. After the afterglow stops, the damage length (character length) is measured according to the prescribed method. Based on the relative position of the specimen and the flame, the methods can be classified as vertical, inclined, and horizontal methods. Generally speaking, the vertical method is more stringent than other methods and is suitable for decorative fabrics, tents, aircraft interior decoration materials, etc. The inclined method is suitable for fabrics used in aircraft interior decoration, while the horizontal method is more appropriate for regular fabrics used in clothing. The Chinese standard GB/T - is applicable for testing various fabrics.
The test is conducted using an oxygen index meter. A specific size of specimen is clamped in the combustion tube of the sample holder, and the ratio of oxygen to nitrogen is adjusted. The specimen is ignited using a specific igniter to burn for a set period until it self-extinguishes or the damage length reaches a specific value. The oxygen and nitrogen flow rates at that time can be used to calculate the limiting oxygen index value of the specimen. The Chinese standard GB/T - stipulates that the limiting oxygen index value of a specimen is determined by the percentage of oxygen required for the specimen to self-extinguish after burning for precisely 2 minutes or for the damage length to reach exactly 40mm.
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